Photobiomodulation in spinal cord injuries

Photobiomodulation (PBM), formerly known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), has emerged as a promising non-invasive modality in the treatment and management of spinal cord injuries (SCI). PBM involves the application of red or near-infrared (NIR) light to biological tissues, where it interacts with chromophores in the mitochondria, primarily cytochrome c oxidase, to modulate cellular activity, reduce inflammation, and enhance tissue repair.

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