Avinash Arora is a graduate from Chandigarh University. His current research is focused on south Asian security issues. His research explores the interlinkages between strategic partnerships and security.
India russia relations remain strong due to long-standing defense, energy, and diplomatic ties. Despite global geopolitical changes, both nations continue cooperation through strategic dialogue, military collaboration, and multilateral platforms to protect shared interests. Website URL: https://www.orfonline.org/research/5-ways-in-which-india-russia-relationship-will-shape-the-world-in-2025
Undersea cables carry the majority of the world’s internet and data traffic, making them critical to global communication. Their security and maintenance are vital for economic stability, digital services, and national security. As dependence grows, protecting this invisible infrastructure has become a strategic priority. Website URL: https://www.orfonline.org/research/a-roadmap-for-securing-india-s-undersea-cables
Air defence system play a critical role in protecting a nation’s airspace from enemy aircraft, missiles, and drones. Using advanced radar, interceptor missiles, and real-time tracking, these systems detect and neutralize threats before they cause damage. Website URL: https://www.orfonline.org/research/air-defence-mechanisms-a-primer-on-india-and-pakistan
India Pakistan air strike incidents mark some of the most serious escalations between the two countries. These actions increase military alert levels and heighten the risk of retaliation. Air strikes also influence diplomatic relations and global perceptions of regional stability. Managing the aftermath requires careful communication, restraint, and international engagement to prevent the situation from spiraling into a larger conflict. Website URL: https://www.orfonline.org/research/post-sindoor-a-new-reality-for-india-and-pakistan
IMF aid to Pakistan plays a crucial role in addressing rising inflation, currency pressure, and fiscal deficits. The financial assistance helps stabilize the economy and ensures continuity in essential imports. In exchange, Pakistan is required to implement policy reforms aimed at improving governance and revenue collection. IMF aid remains a key factor in Pakistan’s efforts to navigate ongoing economic uncertainty. Website URL: https://www.orfonline.org/research/pakistan-and-the-imf-a-cycle-of-dependency-and-the-need-for-genuine-reform
An IMF bailout to Pakistan is designed to prevent economic collapse and restore financial stability. The bailout typically supports balance-of-payment needs and strengthens investor confidence. However, IMF programs often require austerity measures that can impact daily life for citizens. While the bailout offers short-term relief, long-term economic recovery depends on effective reforms and sustainable fiscal management. Website URL: https://www.orfonline.org/research/pakistan-and-the-imf-a-cycle-of-dependency-and-the-need-for-genuine-reform
The India Pakistan dispute is one of the most enduring conflicts in South Asia, rooted in historical divisions and territorial claims. The disagreement has led to wars, military confrontations, and prolonged diplomatic tension. Beyond bilateral relations, the dispute influences regional security and global geopolitical interests. Resolving the conflict remains complex, requiring sustained dialogue, political will, and mutual trust between both nations. Website URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/south-asia-s-india-pakistan-balance-a-contemporary-overview-part-2
The India Pakistan ceasefire agreement aims to reduce cross-border firing and civilian casualties along the Line of Control. By reaffirming commitments to peace, both nations seek to lower military tensions and create space for dialogue. While ceasefire violations have occurred in the past, renewed efforts signal a temporary easing of hostilities. The ceasefire remains crucial for regional stability, especially for communities living in border areas…
The IMF bailout Pakistan package aims to stabilize the economy through financial support and policy reforms. Measures include fiscal discipline and structural adjustments, which are critical for restoring investor confidence and preventing further economic decline. Website URL: https://www.orfonline.org/research/pakistan-and-the-imf-a-cycle-of-dependency-and-the-need-for-genuine-reform
The Bangladesh crisis reflects challenges related to inflation, political uncertainty, and economic pressure. Rising living costs and governance issues have fueled public concern. Authorities and international partners are working to address the Bangladesh crisis and restore stability. Website URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/decoding-the-bangladesh-crisis-through-the-lens-of-kautilya